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Plant-Based Silver Nanoparticles for the Detection of Lead (II) Ions
Aliyu Muhammad,
Abubakar Umar Birnin-Yauri,
Hannatu Abubakar Sani,
Yusuf Haruna,
Sayudi Yahaya Haruna,
Abdulmalik Aminu
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
75-80
Received:
4 May 2023
Accepted:
22 May 2023
Published:
5 June 2023
Abstract: Here in, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is synthesized using orange (Citrus sinensis) peel as reducing agent and applied in the detection of lead (II) ions in water. A simple technique was used in the synthesis of the said nanoparticles Different analytical techniques such as; UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the as-synthesized AgNPs. FTIR results revealed the fingerprint of the active antioxidants involved in the reduction of silver nitrate to AgNPs. The XRD results shows that silver nanoparticles possess crystalline face centered cubic (FCC) lattice structures. Variable experimental parameters such as; silver ion concentration, pH, incubation time, plant extract volume, and temperature were investigated. The results shows that 1:8 ratio of plant extract volume to silver salt precursor the nanoparticles have yellowish brown and golden brown colors and a surface plasmon peak around 420 nm, SEM images displayed an array of polydispersed spherical AgNPs having an average size of 55 nm. The XRD pattern revealed peaks that are similar to that of silver while FTIR results revealed the functional groups associated with reducing silver ions and stabilizing silver nanoparticles. Colorimetric studies showed that the AgNPs lose their characteristic color when they interact with lead ions, and with the color gone, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak also disappears. A high selectivity and sensitivity were recorded towards Pb (II) ions.
Abstract: Here in, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is synthesized using orange (Citrus sinensis) peel as reducing agent and applied in the detection of lead (II) ions in water. A simple technique was used in the synthesis of the said nanoparticles Different analytical techniques such as; UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Four...
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Green Synthesis and Chemically Enhanced Rhynchophorus Phoenicis Nano-Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Carica papaya and Citrullus lanatus Oil
Owhonda Juliet Nkeiru,
Charles Ikenna Osu,
Obute Gordian
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
81-85
Received:
22 May 2023
Accepted:
7 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: A cost-effective green process, simple recovery, and reusability are all facilitated by heterogeneous catalysts. In this research the trans-esterification process was used to produce biodiesel from Carica papaya (pawpaw) and Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seed oil. To compare reaction conditions for biodiesel production with the catalyst (homogeneous (KOH)) catalyst and heterogeneous (alumina-chitosan nano-composite biocatalyst), the percentage yield of biodiesel in the reaction parameters; molar ratio, and catalyst dose were experimented. To improve biodiesel performance, an environmental friendly novel catalyst that are effective and affordable helps to reduce the overall cost of producing biodiesel were produced and alumina-chitosan nano-composite a heterogeneous catalyst was compared to biodiesel production using a homogeneous catalyst potassium hydroxide (KOH). The alumina-chitosan nanocomposite was synthesized from hard shell of Rhynchophorus phoenicis using standard methods. The percentage yield (% wt/wt) of biodiesel range from 53.40 ± 0.55 - 72.36 ± 0.17%, 64.70 ± 0.40 - 86.40 ± 1.10%, 80.10 ± 0.40 - 97.00 ± 0.50%, 79.60 ± 0.55 - 97.10 ± 1.05%, 74.70 ± 0.45 - 95.40 ± 1.55.% and 77.40 ± 0.88 - 96.40 ± 0.95% ethyl ester yield of the biodiesels for 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, 5g, and 6g respectively. The highest was recorded in Carica papaya seed oil with nano-composite catalyst whereas the lowest was seen in Citrullus lanatus seed oil with KOH catalyst. The optimum conditions for the transesterification process were a 12:01 molar ratio of ethanol to extracted oil and 4g catalyst dose.
Abstract: A cost-effective green process, simple recovery, and reusability are all facilitated by heterogeneous catalysts. In this research the trans-esterification process was used to produce biodiesel from Carica papaya (pawpaw) and Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seed oil. To compare reaction conditions for biodiesel production with the catalyst (homogene...
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Synthesis, Characterization and Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Mn(II) and Ni(II) Complexes with Schiff Base Derived from 2-Hydroxy-benzaldehyde and 1-Naphthylamine
Ibrahim Kani Aminu,
Abdulwaris Abdullahi Daura
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
86-94
Received:
20 April 2023
Accepted:
9 May 2023
Published:
6 July 2023
Abstract: The Schiff base; 2-hydroxybenzalidene-1-naphthylamine and its Mn(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized using, conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility, elemental analyses, melting point/decomposition temperature, electronic spectral analyses, infrared spectral analysis and solubility test. The Schiff base and its metal complexes were tested for antimicrobial activity. The molar conductance values range (6.52 – 23.1 Ω-1cm2mol-1) revealed non-electrolytic nature of the complexes. The magnetic susceptibility values; 5.91 BM indicated Mn(II) complex as paramagnetic while –Ve indicated Ni(II) complex as diamagnetic. The elemental analyses results revealed slight differences between calculated and observed percentages of values of C, H, and N, which is in line with the proposed structures of the synthesized compounds. The high decomposition temperature range (201 – 223°C) indicated good stability of the complexes. The infrared spectra analysis results suggested that the Schiff base behave as bidentate ligand coordinates to metal ion via azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen. The antimicrobial activity of the Schiff base and its metal complexes were carried out using agar well diffusion method against two bacteria strains; (Salmonella typhi and streptococcus pneumoniae) and two fungal isolates; (Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus species). The results revealed that the Schiff base and its metal complexes exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity as compared with the standard drugs; (Gentamycin and Nystatin).
Abstract: The Schiff base; 2-hydroxybenzalidene-1-naphthylamine and its Mn(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized using, conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility, elemental analyses, melting point/decomposition temperature, electronic spectral analyses, infrared spectral analysis and solubility test. The Schiff base and its meta...
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